Since PNAd expression in I.P. tumors depends on effector CD8 T cells secreting LTα3 (31), these results suggest that checkpoint immunotherapy augments PNAd expression on the tumor vasculature by increasing the representation of CD8 T cells secreting LTα3 in tumors, which in turn enhances the expression of PNAd associated components. This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and neoplasm.