NOD2 and colitis: In these studies of mice bearing transgenes, we found that whereas TNBS-colitis in C57BL/10 mice induced by intra-rectal injection of TNBS (3.5 mg/mouse) bearing a WT-NOD2 transgene were protected from induction of TNBS-colitis and exhibited virtually no colitis, mice bearing the BS-NOD2 transgene developed severe colitis similar in intensity to that induced in WT mice not bearing any transgene, as reflected by weight loss and microscopic evidence of colitis (Figures 3D, E).