However, despite the well documented genetic association of both NOD1 and NOD2 with asthma development, and the wealth of information about the implication of these two receptors in other relevant mechanisms implicated in this prevalent disease, a detailed understanding of the specific mechanisms implicated in the development or exacerbation of asthma via NOD1 and NOD2 are still not completely understood. The gene discussed is NOD1; the disease is asthma.