Hyperthyroidism is another symptom of immune-related endocrine dysfunction, and a previous study reported that the risk of hyperthyroidism was significantly higher among patients treated with PD-1 than that with PD-L1 ICIs and among those treated with pembrolizumab compared with nivolumab (Barroso-Sousa et al., 2018; Chiloiro et al., 2022), and this was not the same in terms of hypothyroidism (Barroso-Sousa et al., 2018). Here, PDCD1 is linked to hypothyroidism.