The efficacy of HCQ against SLE is mainly associated with the targets of cyclin dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) and CDK1, which regulate PI3K/AKT/GSK3β as well as IFN signaling pathway (Xie et al., 2020). The gene discussed is ESR1; the disease is systemic lupus erythematosus.