Significantly, subcutaneous administrationof IC-SNAs to mice bearing MC38 colon cancer tumors resulted in decreasedPD-L1 expression in all cell types within the TME, increased T cellcytotoxicity, reduced tumor growth, and extended animal survival.Moreover, the data presented herein shows that SNAs can provide additionalopportunities for regulating PD-L1, potentially with reduced sideeffects by virtue of peritumoral administration. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and neoplasm.