NEPHRIN, encoded by the NPHS1 gene, is crucial for the formation of the slit diaphragm, and mutations in NPHS1 cause congenital nephrotic syndrome of the Finnish type (CNF), an autosomal recessive steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (Holzman and Garg, 2009). This evidence concerns the gene NPHS1 and congenital nephrotic syndrome, Finnish type.