A variety of miRNAs, including miR-1, miR-152, miR-187, miR-208a, miR-802, miR-126 and so on, have identified to modulate insulin production, energy metabolism (89, 90), and oxidative stress (89) resulting in DCM characterized by hypertrophy (89, 91), fibrosis (92) and heart failure (93–97). Here, INS is linked to familial dilated cardiomyopathy.