LYZ and colitis: Recent advances in research reveal a bidirectional relationship between gut dysbiosis and disease progression (136) therefore, current studies are focused on identifying novel therapies to modulate gut microbiota; one such study investigated the beneficial role of Bifidobacterium bifidum BGN4 as a probiotic (live) or parabiotic (heat or lysozyme treated) in alleviating dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice (137).