IL1B and atherosclerosis: Recently, the Canakinumab Anti-inflammatory Thrombosis Outcomes Study (CANTOS) has confirmed that anti-inflammatory therapies targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome to IL-1 to IL-6 to CRP signaling pathway could benefit AS patients for the lower CVD risks 64-66, indicating the feasibility of anti-inflammatory therapy as a novel therapeutic approach to combat atherosclerosis 67, 68.