Compared with NAT and PBMC, CD3+ T cells from TIL demonstrated robust expression of cytokine genes IL2, IL12A, IL10, and IL13; cytotoxicity genes IFNG, GZMB, PRF1, TNFA, and TGFB; the proliferation marker MKI67, the transcription factors GATA3 and TBET; and the activation-induced/exhaustion genes CTLA4 and EOMES, but low-level expression of the transcription factors RORC and RUNX1 (Supplementary Figure 3A), suggesting that the frequency of Th17 and CD4 T cells is lower in RCC tumor than in the two the normal tissues. Here, IL13 is linked to renal cell carcinoma.