CTLA4 and lung carcinoma: Patients with lung cancer are notable for increased odds of irAEs or irAEs requiring hospital admission when compared to patients with other malignancies (melanoma OR (odd ratio): 0.70, renal cell carcinoma OR: 0.71, other malignancy OR: 0.50) (84). Hazard ratios of 2.14 (95% CI 1.50-3.05) in patients with lung cancer and 4.30 (1.38-13.42) and 4.93 (2.45-9.94) have been demonstrated in patients with malignant melanoma treated with anti-PD1 and anti-CTLA-4, respectively (56).