Till now, 9 types of IEIs have been reported with TM infections, that is, CD40 ligand deficiency (12 cases), STAT1 GOF (11 cases), STAT3 deficiency (7 cases), X-SCID (3 cases), IFN-γ receptor 1 deficiency (2 cases), CARD9 deficiency (2 cases), ADA deficiency (1 case), RelB deficiency (1 case) and NFKB2 deficiency (1 case) (Table 3). The gene discussed is ADA; the disease is infection.