More prominently, 24 Kac sites on 7 Kac proteins, including MCAD, trifunctional enzyme subunit alpha, 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase, carnitine O-acetyltransferase, very long-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, and delta (3,5)-delta (2,4)-dienoyl-CoA isomerase, 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase, were significantly upregulated in the patients with AF when compared with the patients with SR (Figure 7). The gene discussed is CRAT; the disease is atrial fibrillation.