PTEN and breast cancer: In line with this, it has become evident that Ca2+ supports the functions of key tumour suppressor genes (TSGs) and oncogenes commonly altered in BC, such as tumour protein p53 (TP53), phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA), as well as a number of others reviewed elsewhere[23].