TNF and Insulin resistance: Shellfish polysaccharides possibly reduce oxidative stress and inflammation by promoting antioxidant enzyme activity, decreasing the expression of adipogenic transcription factors including PPARγ and C/EBPα in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes, reversing the increase in serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels, and enhancing insulin sensitivity and LPL activity to prevent obesity-related insulin resistance, which leads to increased glucose uptake in muscle and adipose tissue and the lowering of serum glucose levels.