ALB and periodontitis: Periodontitis-related salivary microbiota treatment also considerably increased the content of fecal albumin in PAP mice, which is recognized as a biomarker for the assessment of intestinal permeability (Figure 5e).33,34 Additionally, Alcian blue and periodic acid-Schiff (AB-PAS) staining showed the damage to intestinal mucus layer in the P group, with a decreased number of goblet cells in each crypt (Figure 5(f,g)).