We focused the study on the effect of the consumption of a western diet enriched in fats and sugar due to its association with a higher risk to develop CD and its detrimental effect on the intestinal barrier function and microbiota promoting AIEC gut colonization.16 We demonstrated that mice-fed a HF diet presented an increase in global H3 acetylation level although no significant change in HDAC1 and HDAC5 expression was observed. Here, HDAC5 is linked to Cowden disease.