Previous studies showed that IL-17A is increased in a variety of liver diseases, including liver inflammatory diseases induced by hepatitis B/C (29, 30) and alcoholic liver disease (ALD) (31), and plays a role in intracellular signal transduction via binding to IL-17 receptor A (IL-17RA) (32), which is expressed on many cell types and stimulated by multiple IL-17 cytokines, including IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-17A/F, and IL-17E (IL-25) (33). This evidence concerns the gene IL25 and alcoholic liver diseases.