KCNJ6 is located in the middle of the “Down syndrome critical region” (DSCR) of HSA21, the triplication of which is necessary for the manifestation of cognitive impairment (McCormick et al., 1989; Korenberg et al., 1990; Peterson et al., 1994), and is sufficient in mouse genetic models to confer behavioral, neurophysiological, and synaptic phenotypes characteristic of DS (Belichenko N. P. et al., 2009; Jiang et al., 2015). This evidence concerns the gene KCNJ6 and Down syndrome.