TLR4 and infection: Some hypotheses that could explain this phenomenon are: the individuals immediately clear the bacteria at the site of infection due to a robust innate immune response without the stimulation of an acquired immune response [49], or have a complete innate ‘resistance’ to infection and disease due to gene variants, such as those contained in the genes Toll-like receptor-4 [50], ZEB2 and GTDC1 [51] genes.