CD4 and cancer: Our results indicated that the NPS was positively associated with many immune cells including T cells (iTreg, Th1, Tc, Tfh, and Tex cells), cell infiltration score, macrophages, DCs, nTegs, Tr1 cells, and CD8 T cells, NK cells, and CD4 T cells in various cancers, while the NPS was negatively correlated to naïve CD 4 T cells, Th17 cells, CD8 naïve T cells, and neutrophils in all cancers (Figure 5C).