CD274 and neoplasm: Tumor tissue and a mixture of stromal fibroblasts and immune components were cocultured using an air-liquid interface organoid culture system, and heterogeneous T cells from the original tumor were also preserved in these cultures.223 An in vitro model in which organoids from clinical CRC tissue were mixed with TILs from patients and F. nucleatum showed that exposure to F. nucleatum increased sensitivity to PD-L1 blockade.488 Organoids with diverse cellular components will advance organoid technology for studying the physiological and pathological functions of the digestive system.