Our findings are similar to a Brazilian nested case control study in which it was found that out of interleukin 6 (IL-6), CRP, tumor necrosis alpha (TNF⍺), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) serum levels among patients with T1D with/without DR, CRP was the only biomarker associated with DR. This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and type 1 diabetes mellitus.