Specific variants present in the population that confer increased risk of tuberculosis [TYK2 P1104A (56)], West Nile virus [CCR5Δ32 (57)], schizophrenia [loss-of-function SETD1A mutations (58)], or protection from HIV [CCR5Δ32 (59)] have been previously reported. Here, TYK2 is linked to tuberculosis.