While investigating the involvement of the CXCL1-3/CXCR2 axis in dsRNA (Poly IC)-induced viral infection of the lung, it was discovered that the expression of CXCR2 and its ligands, CXCL1 and CXCL2/3, tallied with the recruitment of neutrophils to the lung [144]. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL1 and viral infectious disease.