CXCL1, CXCL5, and CXCL8 levels in the plasma and BAL were observed to be elevated in patients at risk for or with ARDS, and a similar finding was made in the case of severe acute pancreatitis when they were found to be strong predictors of disease severity [11, 62]. The gene discussed is CXCL1; the disease is acute respiratory distress syndrome.