GPT and Insulin resistance: In addition, diabetic rats showed a significant reduction in fasting serum insulin, secretory capacity of the pancreas (HOMA-B index), and the index of insulin sensitivity QUICKI, while the index of insulin resistance HOMA-IR, triglyceride and glucose (TyG) index, and the markers of liver injury ALT and AST increased significantly in comparison to the normal control rats, as shown in Table 2 and Figure 2A, respectively.