Relationship between H. pylori strains and gastric lesions: previous work was carried out in our laboratory on the impact of virulence factors of H. pylori on gastric carcinogenesis which has shown that depending on the CagA-VacA genotypes, the strains were divided into high virulent strains VacA (s1/m1/i1/d1) CagA positive, responsible for the increased risk of developing intestinal metaplasia, moderate virulent strains VacA (s1/m2/i1/d1) CagA negative, most common in atrophic gastritis, and the less virulent strains VacA (s2/m2/i2/d2) CagA negative, most detected in chronic gastritis [20]. Here, S100A8 is linked to chronic atrophic gastritis.