COL11A1 induces the translocation of p65 into the nucleus via activation-mediated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and enhances its binding to the insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) promoter, ultimately inducing TGF-β3 activation to activate tumor-related fibroblasts and promote tumor progression (Wu et al., 2021b). This evidence concerns the gene TGFB3 and neoplasm.