Increased IL-1α, IL-21, LIF, and PlGF-1 levels were significantly associated with the incidence of myositis, and the serum levels of six cytokines (BTLA, GM-CSF, IL-4, PD-1, PD-L1 and TIM-3) were higher in patients who developed a rash. This evidence concerns the gene CSF2 and myositis disease.