CXCL12 and gastric cancer: In addition, in a clinical sample study of gastric cancer, it was reported that with the progression of gastric cancer, the positive expression rate of SDF-1 (17% in superficial gastritis, 50% in precancerous lesions group, and 85% in gastric cancer group) and CXCR4 (8% in superficial gastritis group, 54% in gastric cancer group and 81% in gastric cancer group) was gradually increased, which was also consistent with the expression trend of NF-κB in gastric cancer progression [22].