Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is a lethal phenotype of prostate cancer, characterized by immunobiological expression of NE markers including synaptophysin (SYP), chromogranin (CHGA), low expression of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and androgen receptor (AR), and unresponsiveness to standard hormonal targeted treatments. The gene discussed is KLK3; the disease is prostate carcinoma.