According to experiments in A/J mice, the combined use of CCM and salsalate more effectively inhibits activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, attenuates the abnormal proliferation of colonic mucosa, and reduces tumor proliferation, whereas CCM or salsalate alone do not inhibit abnormal crypt cell proliferation or tumor multiplicity (82). This evidence concerns the gene PIK3CA and neoplasm.