VEGFA and hyperprolactinemia: In rodents, hyperprolactinemia leads to vasoinhibin accumulation in the retina and reduces both VEGF-induced and diabetes-induced retinal vasopermeability (57, 62, 64); an effect also demonstrated by vasoinhibin gene transfer which not only prevented (61) but also reversed (60) excessive retinal vasopermeability and oxygen-induced retinal angiogenesis (79).