HPSE and cancer: Compelling evidence suggest that HPSE is a multifaceted protein participating in multiple biological processes, some excellent reviews are available pertaining to the engagement of HPSE in cancer progression, inflammation and angiogenesis (Fux et al., 2009b; Vlodavsky et al., 2012; Peterson and Liu, 2013; Pisano et al., 2014; Rivara et al., 2016; Masola et al., 2018; Mohan et al., 2019).