The mechanisms by which Cerebrolysin® and donepezil may influence Aß42 and tau expression, and tau phosphorylation had not been investigated in AD patients but increases in serum BDNF and reductions in TNF-α induced by Cerebrolysin® and the combination therapy [2, 50, 63, 64] might contribute to the decreases in NDE biomarkers observed in this study. Here, TNF is linked to Alzheimer disease.