Additionally, lead exposure can have an impact on several cellular pathways, such as phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase-protein kinase B (PI3K-Akt) pathway that is linked to AD development15,16 since Aβ oligomers inhibit the PI3K-Akt pathway, and inhibition of the PI3K/AKT pathway could cause neuron death and eventually dementia. This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and Alzheimer disease.