TNFSF4 and acute myeloid leukemia: This is of particular interest in light of the findings presented in the present study and our previous results on the functional role of OX40 signaling into AML cells9, which shed light into a potential dual role of the OX40/OX40L axis that needs to be considered when designing clinical studies, e.g. by using targeted approaches like bispecific antibodies allowing to restrict agonistic effects to the desired immune stimulation, while preventing undesired survival modulation by OX40 signaling into AML cells that could promote the disease and impair patients’ survival.