Both are T helper type 2 inflammatory cytokines, and while neither was directly quantified in our assay, the up-regulation of genes in these pathways supports the roles of IL-4 and IL-13 in MIS-C pathogenesis, or may form part of the response to the hyperinflammation that is typical of this condition. Here, IL4 is linked to COVID-19–associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.