PDCD1 and carcinoma: Immune-Checkpoint-Blockage (ICB) therapies targeting the axis Programmed-Cell-Death-Protein-1(PD-1)/Programmed-Cell-Death-Ligand-1(PD-L1) showed considerable success in treating several carcinomas, including the advanced bladder urothelial carcinoma (aBUC) presenting progressive disease and conventional therapies resistance (16, 17).