In turn, the activation of mitochondrial fission in hyperglycemia-treated cardiomyocytes has multiple downstream effects, including cardiomyocyte apoptosis, oxidative stress, myocardial fibrosis 128, mitochondrial membrane potential reduction, insulin pathway deactivation, insulin resistance 129, delayed mitochondrial respiration and mitochondrial calcium overload 130. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is Myocardial fibrosis.