STAT5, consisting of the transcription activator STAT5A and STAT5B, is a positive contributor to ISCs and intestinal epithelial regeneration in the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, Clostridium difficile infection-induced Ileocolitis, and irradiation-induced intestinal injury mouse models 28, 29. The gene discussed is STAT5B; the disease is clostridium difficile infection.