CASP3 and epilepsy: Since neuronal loss has been observed in hippocampal tissue obtained from mesial temporal lobe patients and from chronic PTZ kindling models of epilepsy (Yardimoglu et al., 2007; Kitaura et al., 2018), we measured the levels of cleaved caspase-3 (CAS3), a marker of cells that are dying (Crowley and Waterhouse, 2016), in hippocampal slices from our experimental groups.