ERN1 and infection: Figure 4A,B shows the augmented mRNA levels of CHPT1 during ICOV infection and upon the coinfection, respectively. Notably, the coinfection resulted in a slight but significant increase in the expression compared to the single infection by L. amazonensis or ICOV. In Figure 4C,D, we observed a similar mRNA expression profile for CEPT1. Significantly, the chemical inhibition of IRE1α abolished the expression of CHP1 and CEPT1. The enhanced expression of CHPT1 and CEPT1 is sustained for 24 h after coinfection (Figure S3A–D).