CD4 and infection: Intracellular cytokine staining (flow cytometry) data showed that IFN-γ+ CD4+ T and IFN-γ+ CD8+ T cells from the lungs were induced at higher levels in the VSA-1-adjuvanted sCal-vaccinated C57BL/6 mice than those in non-adjuvanted sCal and no vaccine (VSA-1 mock and naïve infection) groups (Figure 4I,J).