In vitro experiments on human IPF lung fibroblasts show that pSDF-1β transfection significantly decreased number of α-SMA+ cells (32.93 ± 3.12 vs. 56.08 ± 6.75 (Figure 7A), and increased frequencies of apoptotic α-SMA+ cells (6.047 ± 1.53 vs. 2.39 ± 0.60, p < 0.05) (Figure 7B) compared to EV transfection. This evidence concerns the gene ACTA1 and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.