CD38 and tuberculosis: At baseline, we observed that the frequencies of MTB-specific CD4+ T-cells expressing CD38 (median: 37.80% versus 27.0%, p = 0.4), HLA-DR (median: 17.40% versus 18.70, p = 0.9) and Ki67 (median: 11.84% versus 6.5%, p = 0.1) were largely comparable between HIV/TB coinfected and TB monoinfected patients.