INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: In accordance with previous research [5,7,8,38] but in contrast with dietary guidelines [2,3,4], a LCHF diet (with an approximately 2-fold increase in SFA) demonstrated significant (p < 0.01) improvements in markers of IR such as fasting insulin levels, HOMA IR and rQUICKI signalling reduced T2D risk [30,31].