INS and diabetes mellitus: A study revealed that the oral administration of FA at a dosage of 15 and 30 mg/kg for 4 consecutive weeks could exhibit beneficial effects on diabetes-induced cognition lesions in STZ and high glucose-fat diet-treated SD rats, which was due to its involvement in regulating the accumulation of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation, as well as blocking the neuroinflammation and activating insulin signaling pathway [9].