FA ameliorates DN by increasing the activity of SOD, CAT and GPx, attenuates DPN by alleviating inflammatory response, mitigates DHP by promoting NO production, controls DR by inhibiting the activation of AGEs receptors and the Akt signaling pathway, promotes angiogenesis during wound healing, and treats DCM by inhibiting ROS production. The gene discussed is SOD1; the disease is familial dilated cardiomyopathy.