Polysaccharides also induce apoptosis in AGS gastric cancer cells via an IGF-IR-mediated PI3K/Akt pathway or by increasing PARP cleavage and Bcl-2 and by promoting caspase-3 and Cf-PS activation by decreasing the phosphorylation of IGF-IR; they also induce the apoptosis of MKN28 cells by activating the Fas/FasL signaling pathway and induce the apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells by decreasing the expression of c-myc and bcl-2 and increasing the expression of p53, fas, fas-L, and the cell factor TGF-β1 [97]. Here, TGFB1 is linked to gastric cancer.